Addressing the issue of poor air quality in Kampala requires a multidimensional approach that combines regulatory measures, public education, and improvements in urban mobility. By focusing on these areas, it may be possible to significantly reduce vehicle emissions and improve the overall air quality in the city.

According to the World Health Organization, the virus is transmitted via the fecal-oral route and by aerosol droplets (usually children), and there is no cure for polio, but it can only be prevented by immunization.

Uganda's teenage pregnancy rates are alarmingly high and increasing to a national average of 25% in 2016, down from 24.5% in 2011.

Reports by the World Health Organization reveal that every year, breast cancer kills more than 500,000 women around the world. Treatment is based on the person, the type of cancer, and its spread, and it combines surgery, radiation therapy, and medications.

In Uganda, the UBOS report of 2014 indicated that out of 6.4 million Persons with Disabilities, 2.1 million are persons with visual impairment, constituting 33.2% of the disability community.

The Ugandan government, in collaboration with the World Health Organization, embarked on a national program to safeguard its at-risk population against the devastating impact of yellow fever through a comprehensive vaccination campaign with the aim of eliminating yellow fever epidemics by 2026. 

The World Health Organization, Uganda is currently facing an outbreak of monkeypox, with the first cases confirmed in July 2024. As of early September, the country reported a total of 10 confirmed cases and 49 contacts under monitoring across various regions, including Kampala and several districts such as Kasese, Amuru, and Mayuge.

A new study conducted in Uganda's refugee settlements has revealed alarming rates of violence against children.