Cervical cancer remains a significant contributor to cancer-related mortality in Uganda, with devastating effects on women’s health nationwide.
Dr. Alfred Jatho, head of Community Cancer Services at the Uganda Cancer Institute (UCI), emphasized the critical role of understanding the transmission dynamics of the disease.
“The leading cause of cancer death in Uganda is cancer of the cervix, which is linked to an infection called the human papillomavirus (HPV) that is sexually transmitted,” Jathro said.
He clarified that, while cancer itself is not sexually transmitted, the human papillomavirus (HPV), responsible for cervical cancer, is transmitted through sexual contact.
According to Jatho, while some individuals may clear the virus with their immune response, those with compromised immunity, such as individuals living with HIV, are at a risk of developing persistent HPV infections, leading to cervical cancer.
The statistics in Uganda call for urgency in addressing cervical cancer. With approximately 12.3 million women of reproductive age, the risk looms large. Shockingly, cervical cancer ranks as the most prevalent cancer among Ugandan women, with an estimated 21% harboring cervical HPV-16/18 infections at any given time.
These statistics not only raise concerns but also demand immediate action. Dr. Sarah Nakkazi, a gynecologist at Mulago Hospital, echoed the urgency for comprehensive cervical cancer prevention and control measures.
In March 2024, the World Health Organization’s report globally reported that cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women, with approximately 660,000 new cases reported in 2022. Alarmingly, about 94% of the 350,000 deaths caused by cervical cancer occurred in low- and middle-income countries, including Uganda. The lack of access to national HPV vaccination, cervical screening, and treatment services exacerbates the situation, reflecting major inequities.
Addressing cervical cancer in Uganda requires a concerted effort from healthcare professionals, policymakers, and the community.
